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Septum Resection

Septum Resection

A septum resection is a surgical procedure to remove the septum, a membrane that divides the uterus or the vagina into two halves. The septum is an uncommon congenital anomaly that can cause many problems, such as painful menstruation, pelvic pain, painful intercourse, difficulty conceiving, recurrent miscarriages or complications with the pregnancy and delivery.  

What is a Septum, and How Does it Occur?

During foetal development, two Mullerian ducts fuse together to form the uterine cavity and the vaginal canal. When this fusion does not happen properly, it can create the septum, a membrane of tissue that runs through the middle of either the uterus, cervix, vagina or all three of them. It divides them into two halves. 
When the septum forms in a uterus, it is called a septate uterus. When the septum forms in the vagina, it is called the vaginal septum.

Types of Septate Uterus

There are two kinds of septate uterus:

  • Complete Septate Uterus
When the septum runs through the middle of the uterus, including the cervix and, in some cases, the vagina, it is called a complete septate uterus. 
  • Partial Septate Uterus
When the septum runs through the entire uterus but does not enter or extend to the cervix, it is called a partial septate uterus. 

Types of Vaginal Septum

A vaginal septum is classified based on the type of septum that is formed. 

  • Transverse Vaginal Septum

In a transverse vaginal septum, the septum runs horizontally, dividing the vagina into two halves, top and bottom. There are two types of transverse vaginal septum:

 

  •  Complete Transverse Vaginal Septum 
             The septum blocks the entire vagina, obstructing the menstrual blood from flowing out of the body, which can cause pain and swelling. 
  • Perforated Transverse Vaginal Septum
             The septum has an opening or holes, partially blocking the vagina. The opening allows the blood to pass through, making the period last longer due to the low                blood flow.
 
  • Longitudinal Vaginal Septum
The septum runs vertically through the middle of the vagina, which divides it into two distinct canals. Menstrual blood can exit the body, but upon inserting a tampon, it still leaks since it is up in only one of the canals.

Test Conducted to Diagnose a Septum

A pelvic exam may hint at the presence of a septum, upon which the doctor will order an MRI or an ultrasound to understand details of the structure, such as its length, size, and how it is blocking the organ. 

How is a Septum Resection Conducted?

Surgery is the only way to treat and remove a septum from the body. These are the surgeries that take place.

  • Surgery for vaginal septum
The surgeon first administers general anaesthesia, and the surgical instruments are inserted into the body without any incisions through the natural opening. The surgeon drains blood trapped inside the vagina and removes the septum to create one vaginal canal and eliminate blockages caused by the septum. 
 
The surgery can take from 1 to 3 hours and helps establish a healthy menstrual cycle and blood flow, eliminating childbirth and pregnancy complications, reducing discomfort during intercourse and more. 
 
  • Surgery for Septate Uterus
A hysteroscopic metroplasty is most commonly conducted, which takes about an hour to finish. The surgical instruments are inserted through the vagina, into the cervix, and then into the uterus. The septum is then cut and removed. Once the patient recovers, their chances of miscarriages decrease, and they can try to conceive after two months of surgery. 

Risks of Having a Septate Uterus

The most common health issue is endometriosis. Other health risks are related to pregnancy. If you conceive and have a normal pregnancy, it will be treated as a high-risk pregnancy that might be susceptible to the following:

  • Premature labour
  • Preterm birth
  • Restricted growth of the baby 
  • Low birth weight
  • Miscarriage
  • Breech baby
A septum resection eliminates the chances of such risks to a huge extent. 

Septum Resection at Vizag IVF Centre

Consult doctors at Vizag IVF Centre to understand the septum treatment options and discuss your pregnancy concerns. With state-of-the-art surgical facilities, we will ensure your septum resection surgery is done smoothly, and you can return to a much happier, healthier life at the quickest.

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